What is the correct procedure to avoid damage when disconnecting the battery?

The correct procedure for disconnecting a battery safely involves disconnecting the grounded terminal first, which is typically the negative terminal. This is important to prevent any short circuit that could occur if a tool makes contact with a live circuit while disconnecting the positive terminal first. By removing the grounded terminal, you reduce the risk of accidental sparks or electrical shocks, especially if tools come in contact with other metal parts of the equipment.

Following this protocol ensures that the electrical system is de-energized, allowing you to work safely without the risk of injury or damage to the equipment. The other options do not follow safe practices, either by potentially creating a short circuit or by failing to follow the most effective procedure to ensure safety during battery disconnection.